Expanding the continuum of substance use disorder treatment: Nonabstinence approaches PMC

controlled drinking vs abstinence

Remember that every person’s journey is unique; there are no one-size-fits-all solutions for managing alcohol intake. People suffering from alcohol addiction will thrive in absolute abstinence and drug rehab statistics success rates find solace in sobriety groups like Alcoholics Anonymous, while others will less severe drinking habits will be able to manage their relationship with alcohol through controlled moderation techniques without feeling deprived or isolated socially. When it comes to choosing between total abstinence or limiting your intake, the answer isn’t black and white. Several factors influence this decision, including societal perception, cultural factors, psychological impact, and health implications.

How Many Drinks a Day Is Considered an Alcoholic?

We do not know what factors relate to non-abstinent vs. abstinent recovery amongindividuals who define themselves as in recovery. In addition, no priorstudy has examined whether quality of life differs among those in abstinent vs.non-abstinent recovery in a sample that includes individuals who have attained longperiods of recovery. Here we discuss exploratory analyses of differences between abstinentand nonabstinent individuals who defined themselves as “in recovery” fromAUDs. Study (WIR) dataset, one of the largest repositoriesof individuals in recovery available.

Abstainers

It’s during this period that peer support becomes invaluable; it helps to know that others are experiencing similar struggles or have overcome them already. When I first set about writing this article, many of the issues I was going to bring up had to do with research on alcohol relapse patterns, my own story, and other evidence I’ve already introduced on All About Addiction. The thing is that the amount of alcohol or drug use per se is not a part of the definition of addiction or abuse (other than in the “using more than intended” factor but even there an absolute amount isn’t introduced) and I don’t think it should be a necessary part of the solution either. Possibly, but one will benefit from being on guard for them, as they can reappear years later.

4. Consequences of abstinence-only treatment

Previous studies suggests that these strict views might prevent people from seeking treatment (Keyes et al., 2010; Wallhed Finn et al., 2014). The present study indicates that the strict views in AA also might prevent clients in AA to seek help and support elsewhere, since they percieve that this conflicts with the AA philosophy (Klingemann and Klingemann, 2017). Initially, AA was not intended to offer a professional programme model for treatment (Alcoholics Anonymous, 2011). When the premise of AA was transformed into the 12-step treatment programme, it was performed in a professional setting. Many clients in the study described that the 12-step programme was the only treatment that they were offered.

In other studies of private treatment, Walsh et al. (1991) found that only 23 percent of alcohol-abusing workers reported abstaining throughout a 2-year follow-up, although alcoholics and narcissism the figure was 37 percent for those assigned to a hospital program. According to Finney and Moos (1991), 37 percent of patients reported they were abstinent at all follow-up years 4 through 10 after treatment. Clearly, most research agrees that most alcoholism patients drink at some point following treatment. At one extreme, Vaillant (1983) found a 95 percent relapse rate among a group of alcoholics followed for 8 years after treatment at a public hospital; and over a 4-year follow-up period, the Rand Corporation found that only 7 percent of a treated alcoholic population abstained completely (Polich, Armor, & Braiker, 1981). At the other extreme, Wallace et al. (1988) reported a 57 percent continuous abstinence rate for private clinic patients who were stably married and had successfully completed detoxification and treatment—but results in this study covered only a 6-month period.

2. Established treatment models compatible with nonabstinence goals

Moderation is possible for some people, and Ria Health offers it as a treatment option for problem drinking. These answers will vary from individual to individual, and your choice of moderation vs. abstinence is a personal one. Our program offers expert medical support, recovery coaching, and a variety of tools and resources—all delivered 100 percent virtually. It involves the use of medications like naltrexone which help reduce alcohol cravings. They’re able to enjoy an occasional drink while still avoiding negative drinking behaviors and consequences.

controlled drinking vs abstinence

In fact, even most research institutions and well-informed providers use total abstinence as the marker for addiction treatment success. People suffering from alcoholism typically experience a physical and psychological dependence on alcohol, making it extremely challenging to maintain moderation. This approach underestimates the compulsive nature of addiction and the neurological changes that occur with prolonged alcohol abuse. For individuals with severe alcohol dependence, abstinence remains the most effective and safe strategy to avoid the devastating consequences of alcohol-related health issues, social disruption, and the potential for relapse. Controlled drinking, often advocated as a moderation approach for people with alcohol use disorders, can be highly problematic and unsuitable for those who truly suffer from alcohol addiction. Alcoholism is characterised by a loss of control over one’s drinking behaviour and an inability to consistently limit consumption.

Goodwin, Crane, & Guze (1971) found that controlled-drinking remission was four times as frequent as abstinence after eight years for untreated alcoholic felons who had “unequivocal histories of alcoholism”. Results from the 1989 Canadian National Alcohol and Drug Survey confirmed that those who resolve a drinking problem without treatment are more likely to become controlled drinkers. Only 18 percent of 500 recovered alcohol abusers in the survey achieved remission through treatment. Alcoholic remission many years after treatment may depend less on treatment than on posttreatment experiences, and in some long-term studies, CD outcomes become more prominent the longer subjects are out of the treatment milieu, because patients unlearn the abstinence prescription that prevails there (Peele, 1987). By the same token, controlled drinking may be the more common outcome for untreated remission, since many alcohol abusers may reject treatment because they are unwilling to abstain.

However, this approach is consistent with the goal of increasing treatment utilization by reaching those who may not otherwise present to treatment. Alternatively, researchers who conduct trials in community-based treatment centers will need to obtain buy-in to test nonabstinence approaches, which may necessitate waiving facility policies regarding drug use during treatment – a significant hurdle. You might find yourself constantly preoccupied with thoughts about when you’ll have your next drink or whether you’re staying within your limits – this constant monitoring can create stress and mental exhaustion over time. Moreover, in committing to a moderate drinking plan, it’s essential to recognise that slip-ups can happen and these instances should not discourage you from continuing on your path towards moderation management, but rather serve as reminders of why moderation is necessary in the first place. The path towards moderation management comes with its unique set of challenges which can include social pressure or dealing with underlying emotional issues that contribute towards excessive drinking habits. Individual factors like personal motivation, mental health status, and support system also play a key role in determining how well someone will fare within a programme.

History of SMART Recovery

  1. For instance, abstaining from alcohol can decrease the risk of liver disease, improve cognitive function, and enhance emotional resilience.
  2. Possibly, but one will benefit from being on guard for them, as they can reappear years later.
  3. Marlatt’s work inspired the development of multiple nonabstinence treatment models, including harm reduction psychotherapy (Blume, 2012; Denning, 2000; Tatarsky, 2002).
  4. They’re able to enjoy an occasional drink while still avoiding negative drinking behaviors and consequences.

Quitting alcohol for good does water flush alcohol out of urine is a life-changing decision with countless benefits that will make you wonder why you didn’t quit sooner. Your liver will start to recover and function better, your skin can become clearer, and your risk of serious diseases such as heart disease and certain types of cancer can significantly decrease. Plus, weight loss is often an unexpected bonus when you say no to those extra alcohol calories.

Attempting controlled drinking in such cases often reinforces the addictive cycle rather than breaking it. Understanding the psychological factors involved in controlled drinking is crucial too. Your thoughts, feelings, and behaviours all play a role in how you manage your alcohol consumption. It’s important to acknowledge any emotional ties you might have to alcohol as these could make both moderation and complete abstinence more challenging.

It’s not an easy road to lasting recovery, but with the right support and resources, it can definitely be a journey worth taking.